It’s That Time of Year — Not Just for Holiday Cheer, but Also for the Flu
Kurt Williamson, associate professor of biology at William & Mary, explains why flu infections increase during fall and winter.
Why Does Flu Season Align with Cold Weather?
As the weather cools, flu season arrives, bringing symptoms like aches and pains along with an updated vaccine. But why does the flu become more prevalent in the colder months? Virologist Kurt Williamson shared insights on the science behind this seasonal surge.
About Kurt Williamson’s Research
Williamson studies viromes, which include all viruses present in a specific environment, to explore their impact on ecosystem functions. Many viruses in viromes are bacteriophages—viruses that infect bacteria. His lab is currently involved in a Department of Agriculture-funded project comparing viral and bacterial communities in soils under organic and conventional farming practices.
How Is Influenza Transmitted?
Since humans are social, flu primarily spreads through close contact with infected individuals. The virus can enter through the nose or throat when breathing air shared with someone who is contagious.
- Touching surfaces contaminated with live virus particles and then touching the face (nose or eyes) can also lead to infection.
- Influenza is a respiratory virus that must reach the airways to cause illness.
"Humans are social creatures, so you’ll typically contract the virus just by being in close contact with other people."
The interview with Williamson was edited for brevity and clarity.
Summary: Kurt Williamson highlights that flu spreads through close contact and contaminated surfaces, with seasonal spikes in infections linked to environmental and social factors.
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