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A common-law principle known as sovereign immunity prevents the federal government from being sued, unless the government chooses to waive that privilege.
In 1946, Congress passed the Federal Tort Claims Act, which allows people allegedly injured by the government to sue “in the same manner and to the same extent” as they would be able to sue anyone else.
The law requires any would-be plaintiff to file an administrative claim with the relevant agency, outlining their legal case and making a formal request for money damages.
in the same manner and to the same extent
The idea is to give the government time and space to negotiate a settlement before facing a jury in federal court.
Author's summary: Trump expects a quarter-billion-dollar check from the Justice Department.